Ano-rectal disorders such as fistula-in-ano, piles, and fissures are common yet distressing conditions that affect many individuals. Conventional treatments may offer temporary relief but often come with recurrence and complications. Ayurveda, the ancient science of medicine, offers an effective para-surgical procedure known as Ksharasutra therapy, which has proven to be beneficial in managing these conditions with minimal recurrence. This blog explores the Ayurvedic perspective on ano-rectal disorders, their causes, symptoms, and the role of Ksharasutra in treatment.
Background
Improper food habits and an unhealthy lifestyle are significant contributors to ano-rectal diseases. Chronic constipation, heredity, and poor bowel movements can lead to conditions like fistula-in-ano, piles, and fissure-in-ano. Ayurveda classifies fistula-in-ano and piles under Mahagadas (major diseases) due to their chronicity and recurrent nature, which often cause physical and psychological distress to the patient.
Ksharasutra therapy, a well-established para-surgical technique in Ayurveda, involves the insertion of a medicated thread into the affected area. This method is minimally invasive, does not require hospitalization, has a negligible risk of infection, and has a high success rate in preventing recurrence.
Common Ano-Rectal Disorders and Ksharasutra Treatment
1. Fistula-in-Ano (Bhagandar)
Fistula-in-ano is a tunnel-like structure that connects the anal canal or rectum to an external opening on the skin near the anus. This condition often arises from an infected anal gland that has burst and failed to heal properly.
Symptoms:
- Persistent or intermittent pus discharge
- Pain and swelling near the anus
- Irritation and discomfort in the perianal region
Ksharasutra Treatment:
- The patient is positioned in a lithotomy position for the procedure.
- A special probe is used to introduce the medicated Ksharasutra thread from the external opening to the internal opening.
- The thread is tied to form a loop, ensuring a gradual cut and healing process.
- The thread is replaced weekly until the entire fistulous tract is cut and healed.
- The patient is advised to take sitz baths, apply medicated oils, and follow dietary recommendations.
2. Piles (Arsha)
Piles are swollen blood vessels in the anal canal that may be internal or external. The most common cause is constipation, which leads to excessive straining during bowel movements.
Symptoms:
- Bleeding during defecation
- Prolapse of the anal mass
- Pain and discomfort in severe cases
- Thrombosis and infection in some instances
Ksharasutra Treatment:
- Internal and external piles are treated by ligating the pile mass with Ksharasutra.
- The ligated internal pile mass is repositioned inside the rectum, allowing the thread to suspend it.
- Sitz baths, the application of Prabhakara taila (a medicated oil), and mild laxatives are recommended.
- The necrosed pile mass separates within a week, followed by complete healing.
3. Fissure-in-Ano (Parikartika)
Fissure-in-ano is a painful condition caused by a tear or ulcer in the anal canal, often due to hard stool or chronic diarrhea.
Symptoms:
- Sharp pain during and after defecation
- Bleeding and irritation in the anal region
- Chronic cases may develop a sentinel tag preventing proper healing
Ksharasutra Treatment:
- The sentinel tag is tied with Ksharasutra at its base, leading to its natural removal within 3-7 days.
- The ulcer takes 2-3 weeks to heal completely with proper care.
- Sitz baths with Jatyaghrita (medicated ghee) are advised twice a day for faster healing.
- Internal Ayurvedic medications may be prescribed as needed.
Management and Lifestyle Recommendations
Do’s ✅
- Follow the doctor’s instructions strictly.
- Maintain proper hygiene by keeping the ano-rectal area clean and dry.
- Consume sufficient liquids; buttermilk is especially beneficial.
- Include fiber-rich foods like cucumber, radish, cabbage, and carrots in your diet.
- Take warm sitz baths regularly to soothe the affected area.
Don’ts ❌
- Avoid constipation and excessive straining during bowel movements.
- Refrain from consuming spicy, oily, and heavy foods.
- Avoid prolonged sitting, standing, or walking for extended periods.
Why Choose Ksharasutra Therapy?
- Minimally Invasive: Unlike conventional surgeries, this therapy requires no major surgical intervention.
- Outpatient Procedure: Patients can continue their daily activities without hospitalization.
- Lower Recurrence Rate: Studies show that Ksharasutra treatment has a significantly lower recurrence rate compared to modern surgical techniques.
- Safe and Effective: It has minimal side effects, and the chances of complications like incontinence are almost negligible.
- Recognized by Research Institutes: The Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS) and the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) endorse this treatment.
Conclusion
Ksharasutra therapy is a time-tested Ayurvedic treatment for managing ano-rectal disorders like fistula, piles, and fissures. With its minimally invasive nature, high success rate, and minimal risk of complications, it has gained acceptance among practitioners and patients alike. By following the right lifestyle practices, diet, and treatment regimen, one can effectively manage and prevent ano-rectal diseases while ensuring long-term relief and well-being.
Disclaimer: This blog post is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider or Ayurvedic practitioner before starting any treatment or regimen during pregnancy.
