BAMS – 2nd Year
SUBJECT – Dravyaguna Vigyan
Subject Code : AyUG-DG
Fundamentals of Dravyaguna involves a thorough knowledge of various principles and concepts of Rasapanchaka (fivefold analysis of medicinal substances) and Karma (pharmacological action). It refers to classical Ayurvedic texts, provides suitable examples, and includes contemporary interpretations to facilitate better understanding.Most commonly used dravyas by clinicians are included in curriculum.
The current syllabus focuses greater emphasis on understanding the fundamentals with a scientific interpretation and clinical application. The repetitive topics such as Ahara varga, Nighantu, and Jangama dravyas is avoided since they are covered in Samhita adhyayana (study of classical texts), Itihasa (history), and ethical considerations related to the clinical use of animal-origin drugs.
Additionally, newer areas in Ayurveda related to medicinal plants, such as cultivation techniques, collection methods, and various regulatory guidelines from organizations like NMPB (National Medicinal Plants Board), CCRAS (Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences), API (Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India), GCTM (Global Centre for Traditional Medicine), PCIMH (Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine & Homoeopathy), pharmacovigilance, Vrikshayurveda (science of plant life), Ethno medicine, Network pharmacology, and Bioinformatics, have been incorporated. This information is crucial for the sustainable use of medicinal plants and a better understanding of their properties.
1. Examination (Papers & Mark Distribution)
Examination (Papers & Mark Distribution) |
|||||
Item | Theory Component Marks | Practical Component Marks | |||
Practical | Viva | Elective | IA | ||
Paper I | 100 |
100 |
70 |
– |
30 |
Paper II | 100 | ||||
Sub-Total | 200 | 200 | |||
Total marks | 400 |
2. Number of Papers and Marks Distribution
Subject Code | Papers | Theory | Practical/Clinical Assessment | |||||
Practical | Viva | Elective | IA | Sub Total | Grand Total | |||
AyUG- DG | 2 | 200 | 100 | 70 | – | 30 | 200 | 400 |
3. Question Paper Pattern
PAPER-1
Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 100
INSTRUCTIONS: All questions compulsory
Number of Questions | Marks per question | Total Marks | ||
Q 1 | MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ) | 20 | 1 | 20 |
Q 2 | SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (SAQ) | 8 | 5 | 40 |
Q 3 | LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (LAQ) | 4 | 10 | 40 |
100 | ||||
Similar for Paper II |
4. Scheme of Assessment (formative and Summative)
PROFESSIONAL COURSE | DURATION OF PROFESSIONAL COURSE | ||
First Term (1-6 Months) | Second Term (7-12 Months) | Third Term (13-18 Months) | |
Second | 3 PA & First TT | 3 PA & Second TT | 3 PA & UE |
PA: Periodical Assessment; TT: Term Test; UE: University Examinations |
5. Calculation Method for Internal assessment Marks
TERM |
PERIODICAL ASSESSMENT* | TERM TEST** | TERM ASSESSMENT | |||||
A 4 | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | |
1 (15
Marks) |
2 (15
Marks) |
3 (15
Marks) |
Average (A+B+C/ 3) | Converted to 30 Marks (D/15*30) | Term Test (Marks converted to 30) | Sub Total
_/60 Marks |
Term Ass essment (…./30) | |
FIRST | E+F | (E+F)/2 | ||||||
SECOND | E+F | (E+F)/2 | ||||||
THIRD | NIL | E | ||||||
Final IA | Average of Three Term Assessment Marks as Shown in ‘H’ Column. | |||||||
Maximum Marks in Parentheses *Select an Evaluation Method which is appropriate for the objectives of Topics from the Table 6 D for Periodic assessment. Conduct 15 marks assessment and enter marks in A, B, and C. ** Conduct Theory (100 Marks)(MCQ(20*1 Marks), SAQ(8*5), LAQ(4*10)) and Practical (100 Marks) Then convert to 30 marks. |
6. Distribution of theory examination
Paper 1 Fundamental Dravyaguna | ||||||
Sr. No | A List of Topics | B Term | C Marks | MCQ (1 Mark) | SAQ (5 Marks) | LAQ (10 Marks) |
1 | 1.Dravyaguna Vigyana | 1 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
2 | 2.Dravya | 1 | 6 | Yes | Yes | No |
3 | 3. Guna | 1 | 11 | Yes | No | Yes |
4 | 4. Rasa | 1 | 11 | Yes | No | Yes |
5 | 5. Vipaka | 1 | 6 | Yes | Yes | No |
6 | 6. Virya | 1 | 6 | Yes | Yes | No |
7 | 7. Prabhava | 1 | 5 | No | Yes | No |
8 | 8. Interrelation of Rasa-Guna-Virya-Vipaka- Prabhava | 1 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
9 | 9. Karma | 1 | 11 | Yes | No | Yes |
10 | 10. Karmas of Dashemani Gana | 1 | 5 | No | Yes | No |
11 | 11. Principles of General Pharmacology | 3 | 20 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
12 | 12. Mishraka Gana | 3 | 6 | Yes | Yes | No |
13 | 13. Nomenclature of dravya as per Nighantu, Vedic taxonomy and Botany | 3 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
14 | 14. Prashasta Bheshaja, Bheshaja Pariksha and drug evaluation method with correlation as per Pharmacognosy | 3 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
15 | 15. Dravyasangrahana and Drug collection methods as per GFCP (Good Field collection practices) | 3 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
16 | 16. GCP (Good cultivation practices), seed bank, conservation of medicinal plants, knowledge about RET (Rear, Endangered & Threatened ) medicinal plants. | 3 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
17 | 17. Abhava Pratinidhi Dravya (substitutes) | 3 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
18 | 18. Classifications and techniques of aqueous and alcoholic extracts | 3 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
19 | 19. Adverse drug reaction and Pharmacovigilance with recent updates | 3 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
20 | 20. NMPB (National Medicinal Plant Board), CCRAS (Central Council of Research in Ayurveda Sciences), API ( Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India), GCTM ( Global Centre for Traditional Medicine), PCIMH ( Pharmacopeia Commission of Indian Medicine and Homeopathy) | 3 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
21 | 21. Vrikshayurveda and Ethno-medicine | 3 | 1 | Yes | No | No |
22 | 22. Network pharmacology and Bioinformatics | 3 | 2 | Yes | No | No |
Total Marks | 100 |
Paper 2 Applied Dravyaguna | ||||||
Sr. No | A List of Topics | B Term | C Marks | MCQ (1 Mark) | SAQ (5 Marks) | LAQ (10 Marks) |
23 | 1. Bheshajavacharaniya (Criteria’s to be considered for selection of drugs in vyadhis) | 2 | 5 | Yes | No | No |
24 | 2.1 Dravya (Drug) Nama-Guna-Karma Jnana | 2 | 55 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
25 | 2.2 Dravya (Drugs) Nama -Guna-Karma- Jnana | 3 | 40 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Total Marks | 100 |
7. Distribution of Practical Exam
S.No | Heads | Marks |
1 | 1) 15 dry & 15 wet sample dravya spotting test- 30 minutesTest should include at least one each from Leaf, Stem, Root, Rhizome,Gall, Flower, Fruit , Seed, Bark & Resin. | 30 |
2 | 2) Skill based assessment –There shall be three components in skill assessment A. Identify and separate Grahya & Agrahya of given sample- 10 minutes B. Identifying and grouping of drugs of given Mishraka Gana- 10 minutes C. Understand the clinical scenario and identify five suitable single drug- 10 minutes Instructions: Spotting stations are to be numbered as per the batch. Each spotting station contain: A. Mixture of Grahya & Agrahya B. Name of Misraka Gana and C. Clinical Scenario. Students are allotted with the spotting station by lottery method. Arrangement of Spotting Stations: A. Identify and separate Grahya & Agrahya of Given Sample: Sufficient quantity (approximately 20 gm of Vidanga & Maricha ) of mixture of Grahya and Agrahya dravya to be provided. There shall be two empty bowels each one labelled as ‘Grahya’ and ‘Agrahya’. Students are asked to separate the given sample into Grahya and Agrahya. There shall be different drugs for each station. B. Identifying and grouping of drugs of given Misraka Gana: Each station shall contain one label containing name of the Misraka Gana with question ‘Recollect the drugs belonging to the given Misraka Gana, identify those drugs, collect and make a group. There shall be empty bowl of sufficient size as per the given Gana for collection of drugs. C. Understand the clinical scenario and identify five suitable 5 single drugs: Provide the clinical scenario in not less than 100 words and not more than 200 words with or without investigation reports shall be provided at each spotting station (preferably separate cases for each station). Students are asked to go through the scenario and understand the clinical conditions , select 1 single drug, identify, collect and place it in the bowl given for the same. Select five suitable drugs and write as per preference base. |
30 |
3 | 3. QC practical (30 minutes)-Performance based components 3.1. Comparison Macroscopic evaluation of one genuine and oneadulterant sample -10 marks- 15 minutes 3.2 Panchamahabhoutikatwa assessment by parametric measures by pH of a given sample phant/ Kwatha – ( Concern drug Phant / Kwatha should be prepared by college for pH analysis )- 10 marks – 15 minutes 3.3 Panchabhaoutikatwa assessment by parametric measures by Specific Gravity of a given sample Phat/ Kwatha (Concern drug Phant/ Kwatha should be prepared by college for Specific Gravity)- 20 marks- 30 minutes |
40 |
4 | 4. Viva voce (10 minutes per student)Questions should be asked on following topics – 1. Fundamentals (Dravya, Guna, Rasa, Vipaka, Veerya & Prabhav)- 3 questions- 15 marks 2. Karmas, Dashemani, Mishrak Gana- 3 questions- 15 marks3. Pharmacology & Network pharmacology- 3 questions- 15 marks 4. Clinical application of drugs- 3 questions – 15 marks 5. Viva on practical records -06 marks 6. Communication skill (4 marks ) |
70 |
5 | 5. Internal Assessment | 30 |
Total Marks | 200 |
Practical sessions in Dravyaguna focus on understanding fundamental concepts such as Mahabhuta (five elements), Guna (properties), Rasa (taste), and Virya (potency) with Parameters commonly used in physicochemical analysis.The curriculum also addresses challenges faced by the herbal drug industry, including the issue of adulteration, by incorporating quality check parameters. Furthermore, the students gain practical experience in plant identification through visits to various natural and cultivated plant habitats.
The revised curriculum for Dravyaguna reflects commitment to equipping students with the knowledge and skills necessary to excel in the field of Ayurvedic pharmacology. Hope that this curriculum will inspire and empower students to become proficient Ayurvedic practitioners who can contribute to the holistic well-being of individuals and society as a whole.